Indonesian Journal of Administrative and Clinical Pharmacy

Immunomodulator Activity of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) Fruit Extract as an Antimalarial in Patients with Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falsifarum Malaria Mediated by Cytokine IFN- γ, in Southwest Sumba Regency : a Case Report

Dian Yudianto — 2024-12-31

Cytokines are peptides or proteins secreted by body cells as a medium for intercellular communication and function as a body defense due to foreign substances, bacteria, viruses or parasites that enter the body. One of the cytokines that plays an important role in the regulation of Plasmodium falsiparum malaria parasite elimination is IFN-γ cytokine. IFN-γ cytokine is a cytokine that plays a role in the elimination of malaria parasites in patients with uncomplicated malaria. Case report a young man aged 18 years, weighing 36 kg, had a fever, a physical examination was carried out, parasitology was diagnosed by the doctor as having uncomplicated Plasmodium falsiparum malaria with an asexual parasite count of 4211/µL. The young man was given bitter melon extract 1x a day for 3 days. IFN-γ cytokine examination was performed on D0 (31.27 pg/mL) and D1 (6.42 pg/mL). Parasite examination in D1 was 826/µL), D2 was 123/µL, and D3, D4, D7, D14, D21, D28 had no asexual parasites and gametocytes. Haematology, clinical chemistry, blood fat and blood glucose examinations were carried out on D0, D14 and D28 with results still within normal limits. Clinical symptoms reported were weakness, headache, dizziness, chills, nausea, abdominal pain, muscle pain and fever and these clinical symptoms had disappeared by D4. Conclusion bitter melon extract has antimalarial activity through the mechanism of reducing IFN-γ cytokine which is one of the immunomodulatory markers

Study the Immunology of Asthma: A Review of the Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Treatments of Asthma

Nadia Larasinta Heriatmo — 2024-12-31

In addition to varying expiratory airflow limitation, asthma is a diverse disease characterized by a history of respiratory symptoms (such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing) that change over time and in intensity. Later, the restriction of airflow could become permanent. A prevalent condition in both adults and children, asthma has a high global morbidity, death, and economic cost. Now that asthma is acknowledged as a diverse illness, new clinical and laboratory studies have clarified our knowledge of the immunology that underlies the condition. It is now recognized that asthma is a heterogeneous, complex condition with a range of hereditary and environmental components, where focused medicines lead to greater asthma control. Previously, asthma was thought to be a single diagnosis with standardized treatments for all individuals. Physicians may recognize asthma by endotype and develop more specialized and efficient treatment plans to better manage their patient’s asthma by having a better understanding of the immunology of asthma. This comprehensive discussion of asthma immunology describes the causes and biomarkers now used in clinical practice, as well as the most advanced biological and specific treatments for asthma. From the review of this article, it can be concluded that articles were obtained with details of 18 articles containing information on Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, Immunology, and Treatments of Asthma.

The Suitability of Outpatient Prescription with The Hospital Formulary for Tuberculosis at Pasar Minggu Regional General Hospital Jakarta

Sondang Khairani — 2024-12-28

The Hospital Formulary is a list of drugs and drug use policies agreed upon by medical staff, compiled by the Pharmacy and Therapy Committee and approved by the hospital director. This formulary plays an important role in ensuring the correct use of drugs and according to standards for various diseases, including Tuberculosis (TBC), which is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterial infection in the lungs. The aim of this study was to determine the suitability of outpatient drug prescribing with the hospital formulary for tuberculosis at the DOTS TB Clinic at Pasar Minggu Hospital in the period January to March 2024. This research is a cross-sectional study using a prospective total sampling technique. The results of the study showed that the total number of prescriptions used was 1,496 with the distribution of female 713 (47.66%) and male 783 (52.34%), the majority aged 46-55 years 364 (24.61%) with the most prescriptions in March 510 (34.10%). Conformity of prescriptions with the hospital formulary was highest in February at 95.76%. The use of drugs in accordance with the hospital formulary can provide safe, effective and efficient treatment.

Prescribing profile of inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in healthy home for Jakarta regional public hospital Cengkareng 2023

Sondang Khairani — 2024-12-31

Hyperglycaemia is a medical condition characterised by elevated glucose levels, which may be a feature of several diseases, particularly diabetes. It is also a feature of several other conditions. Diabetes mellitus (DM) represents a significant global health concern. The objective of this study was to ascertain the prescribing patterns and the appropriateness of the use of diabetic drugs in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Rumah Sehat Untuk Jakarta Cengkareng Hospital. This research employs a cross-sectional, retrospective data collection method, utilising medical records from January to April 2023. A total of 105 patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The majority of patients were female 56 (53.3%) and within the 56-65 age 38 (36.2%). The majority of prescriptions were for parenteral drugs, including fast-acting insulin medications such as Insulin Aspart, which were prescribed to 18 (17%) patients. The prescription of antidiabetic drugs in accordance with the PERKENI 75 standard was deemed appropriate in 75% of cases. The appropriate prescription of medication will result in a reduction of patient glucose levels and an improvement in quality of life

Evaluation of High-Alert Medication Storage in the Inpatient Pharmacy Unit of Pasar Rebo Regional General Hospital

Rasta Naya Pratita — 2024-12-31

High-Alert Medications are medicines that pose a high risk of causing severe errors or adverse events, including sentinel events and unintended drug reactions. These medications including high-risk medicines, concentrated electolytes, and LASA (Look-Alike-Sound-Alike) medicines. This study evaluates the storage practices for high-alert medications at the inpatient pharmacy unit of Pasar Rebo Regional Public Hospital, assessing compliance with the hospital's Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for such medicines. Data collection was conducted prospectively using an observation checklist aligned with the SOP for high-alert medication storage. The findings showed 100% compliance for concentrated electrolytes, 80% for high-risk medicines, and 83.75% for LASA medicines. High-alert medicines were stored separately from other medicines, marked with red warning tape, and labeled with "High Alert" stickers. However, LASA medicines were not placed in a dedicated cabinet; instead, they were stored at least two shelves apart from other medicines and labeled as "LASA." In conclusion, the storage of high-alert medicines at the inpatient pharmacy unit generally adheres to the SOP but requires improvement, particularly in providing a dedicated storage system for LASA medicines.