Beyond Aggregate Environmental Performance: A Multidimensional Analysis of Environmental Quality Across Indonesian Local Governments
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65179/gn9jzk76Keywords:
Environmental Quality Index, Local Governments, Fiscal Capacity, Environmental Performance, Sustainable DevelopmentAbstract
Purpose: To examine environmental quality performance among Indonesian local governments during 2021–2024 and assess differences across environmental dimensions, fiscal capacity groups, and government types.
Methodology: The study uses secondary data from the Environmental Quality Index (IKLH) and its components (IKA, IKU, IKL, and IKAL). Performance trends were analyzed and mean-difference tests were conducted across local government groups.
Findings: Environmental quality improved gradually over the study period, although progress varied across dimensions. Air quality showed the highest performance, while water quality remained the weakest despite experiencing the largest improvement. Higher-fiscal-capacity governments achieved significantly better environmental outcomes overall, except in air quality, where lower-fiscal-capacity governments performed better. Regencies generally outperformed cities, particularly in air quality.
Implication: The findings highlight the importance of fiscal capacity in environmental management and the need for context-specific policies to support sustainable development across different local government settings.
Originality: This study provides recent empirical evidence on multidimensional environmental quality disparities among Indonesian local governments by simultaneously comparing performance across environmental dimensions, fiscal capacity levels, and government types during 2021–2024.
Downloads
References
Aldilla, R., Restiatun, R., & Afrizal, A. (2024). Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup (IKLH) di Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 22(6), 1494–1503. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.22.6.1494-1503
Biermann, F., Hickmann, T., Sénit, C.-A., Beisheim, M., Bernstein, S., Chasek, P., Grob, L., Kim, R. E., Kotzé, L. J., Nilsson, M., Ordóñez Llanos, A., Okereke, C., Pradhan, P., Raven, R., Sun, Y., Vijge, M. J., Van Vuuren, D., & Wicke, B. (2022). Scientific evidence on the political impact of the Sustainable Development Goals. Nature Sustainability, 5(9), 795–800. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-022-00909-5
Bouckaert, G., & Halligan, J. (2007). Managing Performance (0 ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203935958
BPS. (2025). Statistik Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia 2025. Badan Pusat Statistik.
Jain, N., & Mohapatra, G. (2023). A comparative assessment of Composite Environmental Sustainability Index for emerging economies: A multidimensional approach. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 34(5), 1314–1331. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-12-2022-0330
Jonatan, H., & Salam, R. (2025). Aplikasi Regresi Data Panel: Determinan Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia Tahun 2019-2023. Seminar Nasional Official Statistics, 2025(1), 571–580. https://doi.org/10.34123/semnasoffstat.v2025i1.2471
KLHK. (2025). Indeks Kualitas Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia Tahun 2024. Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan.
Nugroho, R. W., Maryono, & Hidayat, J. W. (2025). Determinants of Indonesia’s Environmental Quality Index, Including Human Development, Economic Growth, Deforestation, and Budget Allocation. Indonesian Journal of Social and Environmental Issues (IJSEI), 6(3), 310–317. https://doi.org/10.47540/ijsei.v6i3.2439
Oates, W. E. (1972). Fiscal Federalism. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Oates, W. E. (1999). An Essay on Fiscal Federalism. Journal of Economic Literature, 37(3), 1120–1149. https://doi.org/10.1257/jel.37.3.1120
OECD. (2019). Measuring Distance to the SDG Targets: An Assessment of Where OECD Countries Stand. OECD Publishing. https://www.oecd.org
Purvis, B., Mao, Y., & Robinson, D. (2019). Three pillars of sustainability: In search of conceptual origins. Sustainability Science, 14(3), 681–695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-018-0627-5
Sihombing, P. R., Erfiani, E., Notodiputro, K. A., & Kurnia, A. (2025). Determinants of Environmental Quality Index (EQI) in Indonesia in 2018-2022. KEUNIS, 13(2), 236–245. https://doi.org/10.32497/keunis.v13i2.6559
Ulibarri, N., Imperial, M. T., Siddiki, S., & Henderson, H. (2023). Drivers and Dynamics of Collaborative Governance in Environmental Management. Environmental Management, 71(3), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-022-01769-7
Van Der Kolk, B. (2022). Performance measurement in the public sector: Mapping 20 years of survey research. Financial Accountability & Management, 38(4), 703–729. https://doi.org/10.1111/faam.12345
Wafiq, A. N., & Suryanto, S. (2021). The Impact of Population Density and Economic Growth on Environmental Quality: Study in Indonesia. Jurnal Ekonomi & Studi Pembangunan, 22(2), 301–312. https://doi.org/10.18196/jesp.v22i2.10533
Wang, X., Zhang, S., & Schneider, N. (2021). Evaluating the carbon emissions of alternative food provision systems: A comparative analysis of recipe box and supermarket equivalents. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173, 121099. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121099
Zhang, X., He, S., & Ma, L. (2024). Local environmental fiscal expenditures, industrial structure upgrading, and carbon emission intensity. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 12, 1369056. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2024.1369056
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Dyah Setyaningrum, Nanda Ayu Wijayanti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the works authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journals published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
