Teknobiz : Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin
Teknobiz: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin sebagai jurnal berkala ilmiah memiliki tujuan untuk mempublikasikan pengembangan ilmu serta wawasan mengenai lingkup teknik mesin yang berfokus pada bidang energi baru terbarukan dan manufaktur. Publikasi yang diterbitkan oleh Jurnal Teknobiz merupakan hasil penelitian para akademisi baik dari penelitian para dosen maupun penelitian kerjasama antara mahasiswa dan dosen, bahkan juga penelitian dari kalangan para praktisi industri yang bergerak di bidang teknik mesin. Jurnal Teknobiz ini dapat diakses secara full text dan open access oleh para pembaca sehingga para pembaca juga ikut turut membantu dalam peningkatan sitaksis dari Jurnal Teknobiz. Jurnal Teknobiz dipublikasikan sebanyak 3 (tiga) kali dalam 1 (satu) tahun yaitu pada bulan Maret, Juli dan November. Lingkup Jurnal Teknobiz meliputi bidang energi baru terbarukan, dan manufaktur. Bidang energi baru terbarukan yang dibahas mengenai sistem dan alat teknologi konversi yang mampu mengkonversi sumber energi terbarukan seperti energi tenaga air, tenaga angin, tenaga surya, biomassa, dam lain-lain untuk dapat dimanfaatkan energinya ke bidang sektor yang lain. Bidang manufaktur yang dibahas meliputi bidang material, tribologi, dan lain-lain. Teknobiz mengacu ke COPE’s Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines.
Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Pancasila
Copyright (c) 2025 Teknobiz : Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
MICROBIAL ELECTROLYSIS CELL CARBON ANODE WITH VOLTAGE VARIATION FOR HYDROGEN GAS PRODUCTION
The global energy crisis and environmental impacts of fossil fuel usage have accelerated the development of sustainable renewable energy sources. Hydrogen (H₂) has emerged as a promising clean energy carrier due to its high calorific value and zero carbon emissions. This study aims to develop and optimize a Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) system that utilizes palm oil waste as a substrate for hydrogen production. Using anaerobic bacteria, MECs convert organic compounds in the waste into electrons and protons, which are then electrochemically transformed into hydrogen gas with the aid of an external power source. The research involves a dual-chamber reactor setup (anode and cathode) using carbon electrodes and a proton exchange membrane, monitoring the volume of hydrogen gas generated. The results are expected to improve energy conversion efficiency, significantly reduce industrial waste, and contribute to the advancement of applicable clean energy technologies. MEC technology presents an innovative dual-solution approach by integrating waste treatment with renewable energy production efficiently.
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM PROTOTYPE AS SPEED OPTIMIZATION IN THE POWER DRIVE MECHANISM OF THE MAKER S4000 MACHINE AT PT DM
The S4000 maker machine at PT DM faces issues during the cigarette rod cutting process due to a mismatch in speed between the servo motors in the feeding and cutting processes. This lack of synchronization results in imprecise cuts and an increase in defective products. This problem indicates the need for a system capable of mechanically synchronizing the rotational speeds between the two processes. This study aims to design a gear transmission system as a solution to synchronize the speeds between the feeding and cutting processes. Problem analysis was conducted using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. The design process follows the VDI 2221 method, which includes functional requirement analysis, development of several conceptual alternatives, evaluation of transmission ratios, and selection of suitable mechanical components. Structural strength analysis was carried out through simulations using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). A system prototype was created using 3D printing as a design verification tool. The results show that the transmission system is capable of delivering synchronized rotation, resulting in consistent cigarette rod lengths. The FEA simulation indicates the system is safe under working loads. The prototype was successfully validated both visually and functionally, serving as a basis for evaluation prior to actual implementation
ANALYSIS OF HYDRAULIC POWER REQUIREMENTS OF CONTINUOUS COLORING LINE AREA EXIT MACHINE
In the metal processing industry, hydraulic system play a crucial role in supporting the operation of production machines such as cut shear, mandrel, and coil cart. These machines rely on hydraulic power to function efficiently and reliably. This study aims to analyze and calculate the pressure and optimal hydraulic power required for each machine in the exit area of the continuos coloring line (CCL). The methodology includes measuring actual hydraulic pressure based on variations in the thickness nada width of galvalume sheets as coil weights, followed by quantitative descriptive analysis. The result show that the hydraulic pressure required by the cut shear machine varies from 58,1 bar to 139,62 bar depending on sheet galvalume dimensions. The mandrel machine pressure ranging from 15,93 bar to 28,93 bar depending to weight coil,, while the coil cart needs between 21,30 bar and 38,70 bar depending to weight coil. The highest recorded pressure reached 207,25 bar when all machine operated simultaneously under maximum load, approaching the pump is maximum capacity of 210 bar. This indicates that the system operates at near-optimal levels but closes to its safety threshold, thus requiring technical attention to maintain system reliability.
OPTIMIZATION OF CAPILLARY PIPE DIAMETER FOR THE PERFORMANCE OF A 100-LITER CAPACITY ICE PLANT AS A MEANS OF PRESERVING FISH
The capillary tube is an expansion device in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle (VCRC) that functions to reduce refrigerant pressure from high to low levels. The tube’s diameter and length significantly affect the pressure and performance of the refrigeration system. Therefore, selecting the appropriate capillary tube size is essential to achieve optimal system operation. This study aims to determine the optimal capillary tube diameter to improve the performance of a 100 liter ice maker unit utilizing a 1 PK air conditioner outdoor unit as the condensing unit. The system is designed to support an efficient and simple ice freezing process for fish preservation. The main variable analyzed is the capillary tube diameter (0.028 inch, 0.031 inch, and 0.040 inch). Evaluation parameters include refrigeration effect (Qc), compressor work (Wk), condenser heat rejection (Qk), and coefficient of performance (COP). The results indicate that a 0.028-inch capillary tube yields a refrigeration effect of 345.35 kJ/kg, compressor work of 78.26 kJ/kg, and a COP of 3.41. The 0.031-inch and 0.040-inch diameters result in COP values of 3.31 and 3.29, respectively. Therefore, the 0.028-inch capillary tube provides the highest performance and is considered the most suitable for the 100 liter ice maker system.
THE DESIGN OF DEBURRING AIDS TO INCREASE THE PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY OF KN0081 SPACERSAT PT. XYZ
Deburring is one of the important production processes in part manufacturing. Spacer KN0081 is one of the parts of the fuel bracket protractor that functions as a distance guard between the bracket and components in the car engine system. The focus of the deburring process is the quality of the deburring and the cycle time of the process. The quality and efficiency of the deburring process can be improved by using tools for the deburring process. The design of the deburring tool uses a collet clamping mechanism and an interlock system. The spacer is clamped using a collet, then deburred. The interlock mechanism allows the adjustment of the tool's rotation angle to facilitate the setting process. The research method used is VDI 2221 as a design tool and SOLIDWORKS software as a device for creating the design. The best variant design was selected based on technical and economic assessments resulting in a design solution for the deburring spacer product KN0081. The result of the process cycle time analysis is 0.55 minutes for the processing of 1 spacer. Based on cycle time analysis calculations, deburring tools can improve spacer quality and reduce deburring process cycle time to 80% more efficient.
Optimization of Pipe Length Parameters, Number of Valves and Compressor Operations to Reduce Electricity Consumption
Compressed air is a frequently used energy supply tool in industrial processes. Energy audits and energy-saving measures focus only on technical issues that affect energy efficiency. Related operating issues of compressed air systems are rarely addressed towards energy efficiency. Only 21% of participants in the Australian energy audit program recommended energy-saving measures for compressed air systems. The largest electricity consumption in an automotive factory is on the compressor engine which is needed for the pneumatic needs of machines, dies, and jigs so optimizing the parameters of pipe length, number of valves and compressor operation to reduce electricity consumption is needed. The research method uses the Taguchi method and is reviewed by monitoring the Cumulative Sum Control Chart (CUSUM) after conducting experiments. The experimental results on the parameters of pipe length 668 m, number of valves 6 pcs and operational compressor 185 kW are the most optimal parameters to reduce electricity consumption 198,000 kWh / year with the resulting pressure of 5.43 bar and a pressure drop of 1.57 bar
Analysis of the Effect of the Number of Valve Openings on the Performance Value of the Pelton Turbine Prototype
The Pelton turbine is a type of impulse turbine that utilizes a high-pressure water jet through a nozzle to rotate the turbine buckets. One factor influencing turbine performance is the number of valve openings, as the opening size determines the water flow rate directed to the turbine. This study aims to analyze the effect of the number of valve openings on the performance of a Pelton turbine prototype. The research method employed is an experimental approach by varying the valve openings, resulting in different water flow rates, followed by measurements of torque, water power, turbine power, and efficiency. The tests were conducted under a constant load of 1 kg with 12 buckets. The results show that the maximum torque obtained was 0.2695 Nm. The highest water power of 15.41 W occurred at a flow rate of 30 LPM, while the lowest water power of 10.03 W was recorded at the smallest flow rate. The highest turbine power was 9.45 W, and the maximum efficiency was achieved at a flow rate of 26 LPM with valve openings producing an effective nozzle diameter of 9–11 mm, reaching 90.97–91.38%. The lowest efficiency was observed at a valve opening equivalent to a 9 mm nozzle diameter, at 22.15%. These findings indicate that the number of valve openings has a significant effect on Pelton turbine performance, particularly in terms of efficiency and output power
Optimization of Vice Manufacturing Cost Using VDI 2222: Balancing Strength, Weight, and Cost
This study presents the redesign of a machine vice used in the Great D1 universal grinding machine, to improve manufacturability, reduce weight, and minimize production costs. The redesign process followed the structured VDI 2222 product development methodology, which includes four phases: task clarification, conceptual design, embodiment design, and detailed design. Through a systematic evaluation of design variants using technical and economic criteria, the final concept was selected and refined using CAD modeling and CNC-oriented manufacturing strategies. The resulting design maintained functional performance while achieving a weight reduction of over 30% and a machining time reduction of more than 50%. Material cost savings were also achieved by using a hybrid structure, with cast iron for the base and aluminum for the movable components. Overall, the total production cost was reduced by approximately 41.8%. In addition to economic benefits, ergonomic improvements such as modular part construction and improved accessibility were realized. These outcomes demonstrate that the structured application of VDI 2222 enables effective redesign of legacy equipment and provides measurable improvements in cost, usability, and production efficiency.
Fidelis Gigih Triatmaja Fidelis Gigih Triatmaja
Computational Study Of Static Load on Fem Based Electro-Hydraulic Operating Bed Structure in Solidworks
The electro-hydraulic operating table is a vital component in contemporary surgical systems, responsible for supporting the patient’s body throughout various procedures. Ensuring the structural strength and stability of the bed frame is critical for maintaining patient safety and enhancing procedural success. This study investigates the mechanical performance of key substructures within the bed unit, namely the cranial support structure, dorsal frame, pelvic base, and lower limb support frame. A static structural analysis was conducted using SOLIDWORKS Simulation software, incorporating load distribution data based on a 280 kg patient. Results revealed maximum stress values of 14.888 N/mm² (cranial support), 105.621 N/mm² (dorsal frame), 2.495 N/mm² (pelvic base), and 81.185 N/mm² (lower limb support). All stress values were below the yield strength of aluminum casting (220 N/mm²), indicating structural safety. The findings suggest that the current frame design is mechanically reliable and suitable for clinical deployment under specified load conditions.
electro-hydraulic operating table, bed frame, SolidWorks Simulation, Von Mises stress, Aluminum Casting.
Modification of Stiffener Sidewall for 17 m³ Capacity Dump Truck at PT. ABC
ABC operates within the engineering and construction sector, specializing in the service and provision of advanced heavy equipment, including the DV17 type Dump Truck. This Dump Truck model features a loading and unloading body capable of supporting loads of up to several tons. However, there are noted deficiencies in the effectiveness and efficiency of the Sidewall stiffener section, which utilizes 6 supports. A modification was carried out by creating 3 variants or forms of stiffeners. The design method used is the Pahl & Beitz concept design method, with testing performed through static and dynamic simulations using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Simulation results show that Variant 2 performed the best in both static and dynamic tests, with static simulation values showing stress at 88 MPa, strain at 0.1, displacement at 0.8 mm, a safety factor of 2.9, and a weight of 818.16 kg. The dynamic simulation for Variant 2 recorded stress at 187 MPa, strain at 0.1, displacement at 1.7 mm, and a safety factor of 1.3. When compared to the existing design by PT. ABC, Variant 2 demonstrates superior performance. The current PT. ABC design presents static simulation values of 301 MPa for stress, strain of 0.1, displacement of 4.7 mm, and a safety factor of 0.8. Dynamic simulations reveal a stress value of 411 MPa, strain of 0.1, displacement of 5.1 mm, a safety factor of 0.6, and a weight of 802.63 kg. This indicates that Variant 2 provides optimal performance and a balanced trade-off between safety and stability.
Effect of Rotation on the Performance of Paddle Wheel Type Pond Waterwheel
Aerator is a very important equipment in fish farming. The availability of sufficient oxygen in the water greatly affects the growth of fish or shrimp in pond cultivation. Besides that, the use of energy in generating or producing dissolved oxygen in ponds cultivation must be as efficient as possible decreasing that cost perations. The purpose of this research was to obtain the best performance of the Paddle wheel type aerator to increasing the dissolved oxygen in pond water with the lowest energy consumption used in producing or increasing the dissolved oxygen in ponds cultivation. The research method was experimentally for the aerator paddle wheel type with eight blades, and 16 holes on each the blade. There were four variations of rotation on the blades or rotors, namely: Rotation per minutes (RPM): 80, 100, 120, and 140. The results of the research showed that at a rotation speed of 120 RPM it provided the most optimal performance, the most efficient use of energy to increase the dissolved oxygen content compared the others RPM.
Analisis Laju Korosi Dan Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (Mawp) Pada Jaringan Pipa Hydrant
Development in urban areas is increasingly developing, with various designations, various buildings are built to meet the needs of human life. With the continued growth of gedeung buildings in cities, the availability of land is increasingly expensive because it is limited. High-rise buildings are one of the solutions to this problem, with multi-storey buildings with limited land can get large functions according to the needs of the building designation. The tall building that we usually call a High Risk Building is growing rapidly with the concept of design and construction built with various characters and technological sophistication in it. The building safety system against fire hazards that we know as the Fire Figthing System is one of the systems that must be present in high-rise buildings and one of them is the hydrant system in high-rise buildings. Hydrants must be designed in accordance with existing standards and regulations such as the National Fire Fighting Association (NFPA), SNI, local regulations and other government regulations. With the pressure on the hydrant pipeline network, carbon steel pipes are an option, with water fluid as a standby extinguishing medium in the carbon steel pipeline network, the potential that occurs is corrosion. In the installed hydraulic pipe network already has an installed life of approximately 15 years, then corrosion must occur, with the measurement method using UTM (Ultrasonic Thickness Measurement) the thickness of the existing pipe can be determined. So that it can be calculated whether the corroded pipe network is still safe to use or needs to be replaced with a new pipe. The surface morphology and corrosion products are characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Dispersive X-ray Energy (EDX) to determine the characterization of the corrosion process and the elements that cause the corrosion. With a series of checks and calculations of the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) on the hydrant pipeline network, it will be answered whether the installed hydrant pipeline network can still withstand internal pressure.
Effect of Fins on Charging Performance – Release of a PCM-Based Thermal Energy Operating Simultaneously
The use of organic phase change materials (PCMs) has been widely applied as a filling material for thermal energy storage units (TES) due to its relatively low cost, easy availability, and stable temperature during phase change. However, on the other hand, phase change materials have low thermal conductivity, which results in slow operation duration, considered as a drawback. To address this issue, the use of fins inserted into the PCM in a simultaneously operating TES unit is proposed. The effects of flat and pipe aluminum fins were observed in a TES unit using palmitic acid (PA) and myristic acid (MA) as PCMs, resulting in four experimental variations: palmitic acid - flat aluminum fins (PA1), palmitic acid - pipe aluminum fins (PA2), myristic acid - flat aluminum fins (MA1), and myristic acid - pipe aluminum fins (MA2). These variations were tested from ambient temperature up to the PCM temperature of 90°C and back to ambient temperature. The results showed that visually, PCM melts and freezes earlier in the areas near the fins. Based on the experimental data, PA1 was 4.5% faster than PA2, and MA1 was 8.1% faster than MA2 in terms of TES operation duration. Therefore, it can be concluded that the use of flat aluminum fins makes the operation duration faster compared to pipe aluminum fins. The simultaneous operating system caused the exhaust temperature to increase by an average of 11.1°C during the charging process, while during discharging, the exhaust temperature decreased by an average of 14.5°C across the entire TES unit.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Kayu dan Kulit Kopi Menjadi Bahan Bakar Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)
Utilization of coffee skin waste into briquettes as a substitute for biogas to support the roasting process of robusta coffee processing is an alternative energy innovation as a substitute for conventional charcoal from wood and biogas from LPG as well as to support energy security. RDF briquettes are a material that is greatly influenced by the characteristic and type of materials that make up the composition. This research aims to determine the effect of the composition of briquettes with a mixture of coffee husk waste and wood dust on calorific value, water content, ash content and Volatile Matter. The method used is experimental. This research made 5 (five) samples that were carried out with various compositions and tested 3 times each. The results showed that sample 3 produced an average calorific value of 7092 kcal/kg, Water Content 7.87%, Ash Content 7.86%, Volatile Matter 14.73% and Fixed Carbon 15.1%, in accordance with the SNI No.1 / 6235 / 2000 standard for wood charcoal briquettes.
Ketelitian Geometrik dan Unjuk Kerja Mesin Bubut Retrofit PL 1000 G dengan Kendali Numerik
Development of equipment has been carried out in the form of adding NC systems to conventional lathes, namely PL 1000 G retrofit lathe machines integrated with the GSK 928 TE II control system.The reliability of CNC machines that have been developed needs to be tested in terms of accuracy and precision so that the influence of numerical control systems on the level of accuracy and precision is known.Tests carried out on PL 1000 G retrofit lathes include geometric testing of machine tools and testing of machine performance in accordance with SNI-05-1612-1989. From testing the performance of the retrofit machine using test samples for cylindrical tests, flatness test and thread test results nothing comes out of the tolerance limit. So overall the performance of PL 1000 G retrofit machines with numerical control is in accordance with the requirements of the SNI-05-1612-1989 standard.
Optimization of Patient Bed Component Design Using Modeling of Motion Mechanisms on Lifting Elements Electric Patient Bed Manufacturing Case As Per ISO 13485
Electric hospital beds are essential medical devices used in healthcare facilities to enhance patient comfort and ease caregiving tasks for medical staff. One of the key components ensuring their functionality is the lifting mechanism, which allows adjustments to the bed’s position and height according to patient needs. The main challenge in developing this mechanism lies in designing a system that is safe, stable, efficient, and compliant with international standards such as ISO 13485:2016. This study aims to optimize the lifting mechanism through a motion modeling approach. The motion modeling process involves analyzing the kinematics and statics of the mechanism, deriving equations of motion, and identifying optimal design parameters. To support this, a software-based simulation application was developed to visualize motion and calculate critical parameters such as crank angles, link lengths, and aktuator forces. Testing was conducted to ensure the mechanism met safety and performance standards. This included load testing up to 250 kg and lifecycle simulations of up to 50,000 operation cycles. The results demonstrated that the optimized lifting mechanism design meets the required safety, efficiency, and reliability standards. This research contributes to the development of electric hospital beds with more precise, safe, and reliable lifting mechanisms that adhere to international standards
High Pressure Transfer Pump Efficiency Calculation Before And After Reverse Engineering at PLTGU XYZ
Steam Gas Power Plant (PLTGU) is a power plant that uses gas as fuel and reuses exhaust gas from the gas turbine to heat the pipes in the HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator) to produce steam and rotate the steam turbine. PLTGU XYZ is a Gas and Steam Power Plant which has 2,154 MW. One of the important components used in PLTGU is the high-pressure transfer pump. A high-pressure transfer pump is a pump that functions to move water from the low-pressure drum through the high pressure economizer to the high pressure drum, using an automatic system. The type of high-pressure transfer pump at PLTGU XYZ is Type MC100-300/9. To maintain the efficiency of the high-pressure transfer pump, components need to be maintained or replaced. high pressure transfer pump components have been replaced on the pump shaft using the reverse engineering method. Before reverse engineering the large pump shaft the efficiency was 66%, and after reverse engineering the large pump shaft the efficiency was 63%, so the comparison of pump efficiency before and after reverse engineering the pump shaft was 3%.
Copyright (c) 2025 Teknobiz : Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin
Analysis of Thermal Energy Storage Based on Phase Change of Sugar Alcohol Type Material for Solar Water Heater System
The increasing use of renewable energy sources as a substitute for fossil energy certainly focuses on the importance of energy storage aspects, especially Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage. Among a number of Phase Change Materials that can be used in the system, Sugar Alcohol with a high latent heat content and a low to medium temperature range, namely below 140 °C, is suitable for application in Thermal Energy Storage technology, especially Solar Water Heaters. This study tested the thermal performance of Xylitol and Erythritol type Sugar Alcohol, both pure and mixed with composite materials. The use of High-Density Polyethylene as much as 10% and 15% by weight is used as a stabilizer material during the liquid-solid phase change transition. The testing method used in this study uses the Hybrid Energy-Temperature Method, where the sample is heated from ambient temperature to reach a temperature of 150 °C and then cooled to reach ambient temperature again, in the charging/discharging cycle process, to analyze the State of Charge and Depth of Discharging of the tested sample. This study also uses the Differential Scanning Calorimetry method and the Heat Capacity-isostep method to determine the phase change behavior of the sample and calculate the total energy content of the selected sample.
Analysis of The Effect of Electric Current Strength in Shield Metal Arc Welding on The Hardness, Impact and Microstructure of Stainless Steel 304
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is a welding process that is widely used because of its simplicity, versatility, and cost-effectiveness. However, in the process, there is a lot of wasted energy, reducing the benefits of the existing energy source, namely electricity. Increasing environmental pollution causes carbon emissions to increase. This study tested the results of SMAW welding against Stainless Steel 304 material by varying it into two factors and three levels. Stainless Steel 304 material is used because it is easy to obtain and is often applied in the industrial world. The types of testing are Visual Metalography and Destructive Test (DT). Observation results visual metalography show that the microstructure has changed in the welding area. While the DT used is the hardness test, and impact test. The DT test results experienced an increase in value, namely the hardness test and impact test. While the tensile test experienced a decrease in value. The factor that most effects visual metalography and DT is the Electric Current used.
Peran Limbah Serbuk Kayu Pada Peningkatan Kalor Briket
Penggunaan dan eksploitasi sumber daya hutan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir telah meningkatkan limbah dan residu, salah satunya adalah serbuk kayu. Salah satu cara memanfaatkan limbah kayu adalah mengubahnya menjadi pelet atau briket (biofuel padat), akan tetapi ketika distribusi ataupun penyimpanan briket akan ada briket yang basah ataupun rusak dikarenakan terkontaminasi air, seperti terkena hujan, banjir atau karena kelembapan udara. Dalam kondisi ekstrim briket mampu menyerap air sebesar 42,28% dengan laju penyerapan 0,2606% per jamnya. Kontaminasi tersebut menyebabkan meningkatnya nilai kadar air dalam briket serta menurunkan nilai kalor yang dihasilkan, untuk menurunkan kadar air yang telah meningkat bisa dengan dilakukan pemanasan. Pemanasan yang optimal untuk menurunkan kadar air adalah pada suhu 100 oC dengan waktu pemanasan 2,5 jam, karena mampu meningkatkan nilai kalor briket dari 4587,91 kal/g menjadi 4633,77 kal/g.
Analisa Hasil Cetak 3D Printer Terhadap Pengujian Tarik Material ABS+ dengan Variasi Densitas Infill
Fused deposition modeling (FDM) adalah salah satu jenis teknologi additive manufacturing yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan berbagai produk tiga dimensi. Teknologi ini merupakan teknologi yang paling populer karena kemudahan pengoperasiannya. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut agar mengoptimalkan hasil dari Printer 3D dengan prinsip FDM dengan melakukan variasi dari parameter Printer 3D salah satunya adalah densitas infill terhadap kekuatan material. Dilakukan pengujian ASTM D638 dengan material ABS+ dengan variasil densitas infill 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%. Pencetakan spesimen uji dilakukan mengguakan Printer 3D pada temperatur cetak 270oC, temperatur bed 102oC dan temperatur ruangan 40oC. Dari hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa densitas infill dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik dari hasil 3D Printer dengan nilai densitas mulai naik signifikan pada densitas infill 75%. Adapun berat terbesar dan kekuatan tarik maksimal rata-rata terbesar ada pada spesimen dengan densitas infill 100% sebesar 8,56 gram dan 17,10 N/mm2
Modifikasi Perancangan Sandaran Kaki (Footrest) Yang Fleksibel Pada Kursi Roda Penyandang Disabilitas
Pada umumnya kursi roda banyak digunakan oleh penyandang disabilitas. Selain alat bantu, kursi roda juga digunakan sebagai alat transportasi. Secara visual, komponen kursi roda mempunyai bentuk yang bagus dan inovatif, namun bentuk tersebut belum tentu menjamin keamanan dan kenyamanan, salah satu komponen penting dalam bagian kursi roda adalah pijakan kaki yang perlu dibuat aman dan nyaman. Perancangan desain ini menghasilkan 1 varian terpilih dari hasil pembobotan kriteria perancangan. Varian 1 terdiri dari komponen engsel bawah, engsel atas, tuas pengatur sandaran kaki, dudukan penopang betis, pipa penyangga dudukan, pipa pijakan kaki, plat penopang betis, busa penopang betis, dan penopang betis. Dari hasil dilapangan dihasilkan beban rata-rata remaja adalah 30 kg sehingga secara analisis ergonomi, beban pijakan kaki adalah 294,3 N. Sandaran pijakan kaki kemudian dianalisis menggunakan software Solidworks 2020 dengan memberikan beban pijakan kaki pada posisi 15º, 30º, dan 90º. Dari hasil analisis tersebut diperoleh hasil bahwa perancangan sandaran pijakan kaki ini aman karena tegangan tarik sandaran pijakan kaki masih dibawah nilai kekuatan luluh material AISI 1020 sebesar 3,52× 108 N/m2 . Nilai tegangan tarik terbesar adalah 3,298 × 10⁸ N/m2 ketika posisi 15 ͦ , nilai deformasi terbesar adalah 1,108 mm ketika posisi 90 ͦ dan Factor of Safety terkecil sebesar 1,2 ketika posisi 15 ͦ.
Plastic Waste Management through Pyrolysis in the Seribu Islands: Energy Efficiency and Fuel Oil Production Analysis
Plastic waste in the Seribu Islands has become a significant issue threatening marine and coastal ecosystems. This study analyzes the conversion of plastic waste into diesel fuel through pyrolysis, employing three scenarios of plastic mixture ratios: LDPE and PP, PET, PS, and HDPE. With operating temperatures of 400 °C, 480 °C, and 550 °C, the research evaluates energy efficiency, diesel output, and return on investment (ROI). Results indicate that a mixture of 50% LDPE and PP, 15% PET, 10% PS, and 25% HDPE at 550 °C produces the highest diesel yield of 0.805 tons per 1,000 kg of plastic. The annual ROI is recorded at 0.26%, highlighting the project's potential to support environmental conservation while providing economic benefits
Study of Optimization of Plastic Waste Pyrolysis into Gasoline Fuel
Pyrolysis, which converts plastic waste into energy through a heating process without oxygen, has been proven to reduce waste volume by up to 90% while becoming an alternative fuel with high economic value. The optimal pyrolysis temperature of 380°C produces the most significant amount of pyrolysis oil, with a potential thermal efficiency of up to 80%. The main challenges in optimizing pyrolysis include energy efficiency, operational costs, and production scale. This study aims to improve the efficiency of the pyrolysis process by enhancing the reactor, condenser tube, and control system. With this approach, it is hoped that a more cost-effective, environmentally friendly plastic waste management solution can be created that supports the concept of a circular economy in Cirebon City. The result is that with a plastic waste composition of 30% PP and 70% LDPE and the addition of a kaolin catalyst to the pyrolysis reactor, it can produce oil equivalent to gasoline with an octane rating of 88. This optimization can reduce the use of fossil fuels, create new jobs, and significantly contribute to environmental sustainability.
Analisis Pengaruh Holding Time, Holding Pressure, dan Cooling Time Terhadap Nilai dan Konsistensi Lid Opening Force
Flip top cap tube merupakan tutup botol yang terdiri dari 2 bagian yaitu tutup dan topi, dibutuhkan gaya untuk melakukan gerakan membuka pada flip top cap tube yang disebut dengan lid opening force. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan rendahnya nilai lid opening force pada produk cap tube 35 mm, dilakukan penelitian pada parameter yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap nilai lid opening force yaitu tekanan tahan, waktu tahan, dan waktu pendinginan. Tekanan tahan yang diteliti memiliki nilai 25%, 30%, 35%, dan 40%. Waktu tahan dengan nilai 0,8 detik, 1 detik, 1,2 detik, dan 1,4 detik dan waktu pendinginan dengan nilai 11,5 detik dan 12,5 detik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Taguchi dan ANOVA. Analisis dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa parameter tekanan tahan memberikan persentase kontribusi 72,42%, waktu pendinginan dengan persentase kontribusi 15,35%, dan waktu tahan dengan persentasi kontribusi 4,33%. Untuk mendapatkan nilai lid opening force terbaik dengan nilai 1,73 kgf, maka digunakan parameter setting tekanan tahan dengan nilai 40%, waktu tahan dengan nilai 1,4 detik, dan waktu pendinginan dengan nilai 12,5 detik.
Modifikasi Pitot Tube Static Dengan Dilengkapi Sensor Suhu Kelembaban, Anemometer Dan Alat Kemiringan Sudut Digital Pada Low Speed Tunnel Wt-400
Perkembangan revolusi di dunia industri tidak lepas dari perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi, Pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang berawal dari pengembangan laboratorium inilah menjadi dasar pemikiran dalam penelitian ini salah satunya adalah terowongan angin (wind tunnel) Suryadarma Low Speed Tunnel (SLST WT-400) yang ada di Universitas Dirgantara Marsekal Suryadarma. Wind tunnel yang digunakan oleh siswa belum dilengkapi alat ukur suhu dan kelembaban yang kemudian dalam perancangannya dikembangkan dengan menggunakan perangkat sistem baru untuk pembacaan otomatis sesuai dengan revolusi industri 4.0 dengan dilengkapi alat anemometer, dimana dilengkapi juga alat Pitot Tube Statis yang ada di dalam bagian Test Section Wind Tunnel yang berbasis digital untuk mengetahui Angle of Attack pada benda uji, sehingga mensimulasikan eksperimen yang lebih cepat dan akurat dari masalah karakteristik aerodinamis suatu benda uji.
Broiler Chicken Coop Heating Efficiency Analysis: Comparative Study of Heat Dispersion and Energy Consumption
Broiler house heaters play a crucial role in maintaining optimal temperatures during the brooding phase to support optimal growth. However, conventional heaters such as the Super Saver Heater and Heater Handmade have limitations in terms of energy efficiency and heat distribution. This study aims to analyze the performance of the proposed heater in three key aspects: heating rate, heat distribution, and fuel consumption efficiency, and compare it with conventional heaters. The results indicate that the proposed heater increased the temperature from 26°C to 53°C within 2 minutes, with an average heating rate of 13.5°C per minute, outperforming conventional heaters. Heat distribution was more uniform, ensuring stable temperatures at various measurement points within the broiler house. In terms of energy efficiency, the proposed heater consumed only 0.5 kg of LPG in 6 minutes, significantly lower than the Super Saver Heater, which required 1 kg of LPG. Overall, the proposed heater demonstrated superior energy efficiency, faster heating, and more stable heat distribution, making it a more effective alternative to conventional heating systems used in broiler farming.