REVIEW KARAKTERISTIK MEKANIK DAN TOXICITY CHARACTERISTIC LEACHING PROCEDURE BETON GEOPOLIMER
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Abstract
Beton Geopolimer merupakan beton yang menggunakan material anorganik produk sampingan hasil limbah padat industri yang disintesis melalui proses polimerisasi seperti fly ash, terak besi, terak nikel, dan material lainnya yang mengandung unsur Alumunium (Al) dan Silika (Si) yang tinggi. Produksi 1 ton semen Portland menghasilkan emisi gas CO2 sebesar 1 ton ke atmosfer sehingga dapat membahayakan lingkungan seperti pemanasan global. Tujuan dari studi literatur ini adalah untuk menunjukan bagaimana karakteristik mekanik pada beton geopolimer dalam penggunaan 100% produk sampingan limbah industri (ferrous dan non-ferrous) sebagai pengganti semen Portland sepenuhnya pada beton konvensional, serta meninjau dampak lingkungan yang ditimbulkan akibat penggunaan limbah tersebut dengan menggunakan analisis TCLP. Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) merupakan prosedur untuk mengetahui kadar logam berat pada produk sampingan limbah industri (ferrous dan non-ferrous) yang dapat larut dan dapat mencemari lingkungan. Studi pustaka yang membahas material anorganik mengenai beton geopolimer secara holistik masih sedikit. Beberapa faktor yang dapat memengaruhi karakteristik mekanik beton geopolimer antara lain proporsi campuran, penggunaan admixture, pemilihan material anorganik, metode perawatan dan durasi perawatan, dan rasio larutan alkali sebagai aktivator. Proporsi campuran yang tepat dapat menghasilkan workability yang baik, kuat tekan, dan kuat tarik belah yang tinggi. Metode dan durasi perawatan dengan pemanasan (oven curing) mampu menghasilkan kekuatan mekanik yang lebih besar dibanding dengan metode perawatan suhu ruangan. Studi literatur ini diharapkan dapat memberikan pedoman dalam pengembangan beton geopolimer kedepannya bagi para peneliti dan industri.
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