ANALISIS TAPAK BIOFILIK SEBAGAI DASAR PERANCANGAN LEMBAGA KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL ANAK DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Kata Kunci:
arsitektur biofilik, analisis tapak, lembaga kesejahteraan sosial anak (LKSA), perancangan arsitektur, kabupaten bandungAbstrak
Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA) merupakan fasilitas pengasuhan residensial yang perlu mendukung kenyamanan, keamanan, privasi, dan kesejahteraan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis karakteristik tapak sebagai dasar perancangan LKSA dengan pendekatan arsitektur biofilik di Soreang, Kabupaten Bandung. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-kualitatif melalui analisis makro dan mikro. Analisis makro mencakup kesesuaian tata ruang, aksesibilitas, kondisi lingkungan, dan kedekatan dengan fasilitas umum, sedangkan analisis mikro meliputi paparan matahari, pergerakan udara, vegetasi, pandangan, kebisingan, dan zonasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tapak memiliki akses yang baik, kedekatan dengan fasilitas pendidikan dan kesehatan, serta potensi pandangan menuju persawahan dan pegunungan. Kendala utama berupa kebisingan jalan, paparan matahari timur dan barat, vegetasi yang belum tertata, dan kebutuhan menjaga privasi penghuni. Temuan tersebut diterjemahkan menjadi strategi orientasi massa, ventilasi silang, elemen peneduh, vegetasi penyangga, pemisahan zona publik dan privat, serta integrasi ruang komunal dengan ruang terbuka hijau.
Unduhan
Referensi
[1] V. A. Marin and N. Widayati, “PANTI ASUHAN UNTUK ANAK TERLANTAR DENGAN PENDEKATAN THERAPEUTIC HEALING,” Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 1549–1562, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.24912/stupa.v5i2.24299.
[2] S. Hidayat, Y. R. Agung, and R. Fuaturosida, “Psychological Well-Being Pada Anak-Anak Remaja Panti Asuhan Taslimiyah Krebet Psychological Well-Being In Teenage Children Taslimiyah Krebet Orphanage,” Journal of Indonesian Psychological Science (JIPS), vol. 1, no. 01, Dec. 2021, doi: 10.18860/jips.v1i01.14929.
[3] R. Normadhoni and E. R. Antika, “Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Psychological Well-Being Pada Remaja di Panti Asuhan Kecamatan Gajahmungkur,” Guidance, vol. 20, no. 02, pp. 161–175, Dec. 2023, doi: 10.34005/guidance.v20i02.2655.
[4] R. G. Afaraya Tacanahui, J. A. Almirón Cuentas, and D. H. Bernedo Moreira, “Biophilic Architecture: A Holistic Approach to Healthy and Sustainable Spaces,” SAP Environmental Research and Ecotoxicity, vol. 3, p. 102, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.56294/ere2024102.
[5] A. Sedghikhanshir and R. Montelli, “Biophilic Design Interventions and Properties: A Scoping Review and Decision-Support Framework for Restorative and Human-Centered Buildings,” Buildings, vol. 16, no. 3, p. 515, Jan. 2026, doi: 10.3390/buildings16030515.
[6] W. Zhong, T. Schröder, and J. Bekkering, “Biophilic design in architecture and its contributions to health, well-being, and sustainability: A critical review,” Frontiers of Architectural Research, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 114–141, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.foar.2021.07.006.
[7] M. A. Alsarhan and K. F. Mahmoud, “Biophilic Design in Theory and Practice: Human Well-Being and Sustainable Development Across Building Typologies,” Architecture Image Studies, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 2369–2392, Feb. 2026, doi: 10.62754/ais.v7i1.1225.
[8] M. Richardson and C. W. Butler, “Nature connectedness and biophilic design,” Building Research & Information, vol. 50, no. 1–2, pp. 36–42, Feb. 2022, doi: 10.1080/09613218.2021.2006594.
[9] USGSA, “Child Care Center Design Guide,” U.S. General Services Administration, Public Buildings Service, Office of Child Care, Washington, DC, 2003. [Online]. Available: https://www.gsa.gov/system/files/designguidesmall.pdf
[10] Kemensos, Peraturan Menteri Sosial Republik Indonesia Nomor 30/HUK/2011 tentang Standar Nasional Pengasuhan Anak untuk Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak. Jakarta: Kementerian Sosial Republik Indonesia, 2011. [Online]. Available: https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/130531/permensos-no-30-tahun-2011
[11] S. A. Indriyati, Perencanaan dan Perancangan Hunian: Panti Asuhan Anak dengan Konsep Arsitektur Perilaku (Pedoman Teori dan Praktis), 1st ed. Bandung: Widina Bhakti Persada Bandung, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://repository.penerbitwidina.com/media/publications/335534-perencanaan-dan-perancangan-hunian-panti-6eb43a61.pdf
[12] K. Gillis and B. Gatersleben, “A Review of Psychological Literature on the Health and Wellbeing Benefits of Biophilic Design,” Buildings, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 948–963, Aug. 2015, doi: 10.3390/buildings5030948.
[13] S. Attia, T. Lacombe, H. T. Rakotondramiarana, F. Garde, and G. Roshan, “Analysis tool for bioclimatic design strategies in hot humid climates,” Sustain. Cities Soc., vol. 45, pp. 8–24, Feb. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2018.11.025.
[14] V. Olgyay, Design with Climate. Princeton University Press, 2015. doi: 10.1515/9781400873685.
[15] Z. Fan, M. Liu, S. Tang, and X. Zong, “Integrated daylight and thermal comfort evaluation for tropical passive gymnasiums based on the perspective of exercisers,” Energy Build., vol. 300, p. 113625, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2023.113625.
[16] A. N. Zoure and P. V Genovese, “Implementing natural ventilation and daylighting strategies for thermal comfort and energy efficiency in office buildings in Burkina Faso,” Energy Reports, vol. 9, pp. 3319–3342, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.02.017.
[17] K. Lakhdari, L. Sriti, and B. Painter, “Parametric optimization of daylight, thermal and energy performance of middle school classrooms, case of hot and dry regions,” Build. Environ., vol. 204, p. 108173, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.108173.
[18] R. L. Ames and J. E. Loebach, “Applying trauma-informed design principles to therapeutic residential care facilities to reduce retraumatization and promote resiliency among youth in care,” J. Child Adolesc. Trauma, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 805–817, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s40653-023-00528-y.
[19] J. Justus and S. Raghani, “Trauma-informed design: Shelter homes for runaway children,” Int. J. Adolesc. Youth, vol. 30, no. 1, p. 2445053, 2025, doi: 10.1080/02673843.2024.2445053.
[20] H. Deng, R. Sulaiman, and M. A. Ismail, “Enhancing children’s health and well-being through biophilic design in Chinese kindergartens: A systematic literature review,” Social Sciences & Humanities Open, vol. 10, p. 100939, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2024.100939.
[21] X. Meng, M. Zhang, and M. Wang, “Effects of school indoor visual environment on children’s health outcomes: A systematic review,” Health Place, vol. 83, p. 103021, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2023.103021.
