SPATIAL PLANNING HIERARCHY OF TENGANAN PEGRINGSINGAN VILLAGE BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF SANGGA MANDALA AND LOCAL WISDOM
Keywords:
tri mandala, spatial pattern, region, customary, tengananAbstract
This study aims to examine the spatial hierarchy of the Tenganan Pegringsingan Traditional Village as a manifestation of the Sangga Mandala philosophy that harmonizes the relationship between humans, nature, and spirituality. The village zoning structure is oriented towards the settlement center, with the main zone located in the center and the nista zone located on the outskirts of the village. This study uses primary and secondary data approaches through field observations, in-depth interviews, and literature studies to identify the linear spatial pattern oriented north-south (kaja-kelod) as the main structure that regulates the settlement order and social interactions of the community. The results show that the division of sacred and profane zones in the Sangga Mandala concept not only functions as a cultural symbol, but operates in real terms as a spatial control mechanism supported by customary law (awig-awig). The synergy between traditional spatial planning and local wisdom forms a sustainable settlement model that is effective in maintaining ecological balance and maintaining the integrity of the Bali Aga community's cultural identity amidst the dynamics of modern development.
Downloads
References
[1] P. P. Indonesia, “Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 26 Tahun 2007 tentang Penataan Ruang,” 2007.
[2] Google Earth, “Tenganan, Manggis, Karangasem Regency, Bali.” Accessed: Jan. 21, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://earth.google.com/
[3] V. A. Kumurur and S. Damayanti, “Pola Perumahan dan Pemukiman Desa Tenganan Bali,” J. Sabua, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2009.
[4] D. H. Rahmi, “Change in and continuity of traditional village architecture: the Bali Aga village of Tenganan Pegringsingan, Bali, Indonesia,” Built Herit., vol. 9, no. 1, 2025, doi: 10.1186/s43238-025-00216-w.
[5] H. A. Kusuma and G. Tanuwidjaja, “Desain Rumah Bali Kontemporer Yang Berbasis Konsep Tri Mandala,” Semin. Rumah Tradis. 2014-Transformasi Nilai-nilai Tradis. dalam Arsit. Masa Kini, pp. 1–11, 2014.
[6] I. M. L. Prayoga and A. A. A. O. Saraswati, “The Settlement Pattern of Tenganan Pegringsingan Village as an Embodiment of a Sustainable Village,” Astonjadro, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 67–73, 2024, doi: 10.32832/astonjadro.v13i1.14361.
[7] dan S. S. Dyah Respati Suryo Sumunar, Suparmini, “Masyarakat Adat Desa Tenganan,” Fak. Ilmu Sos. Univ. Negeri Yogyakarta, pp. 1–14, 2019.
[8] L. D. Setiawan, P. Salura, and B. Fauzy, “The relationship between traditional activities and the mass-space pattern in Bali Aga Customary Village society – Tenganan Pegringsingan,” ARTEKS J. Tek. Arsit., vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 373–390, 2020, doi: 10.30822/arteks.v5i3.536.
[9] S. Maria and I. W. Rupa, “Monografi Desa Adat Tenganan Pegringsingan, Kabupaten Karangasem, Propinsi Bali,” pp. 69–89, 2007.
[10] I. W. Runa, A. A. G. Raka, and I. N. Warnata, “Residential Spatial Design for the Development of Ecotourism in Tenganan Pegringsingan Village, Karangasem, Bali,” Semin. Nas. Pemberdaya. Masy. dan Strateg. Penanggulangan Kemiskin., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 1–6, 2021, doi: 10.9790/9622-1102060106.
