TRI MANDALA ASPECTS IN THE SPATIAL PLANNING OF PENGLIPURAN VILLAGE
Keywords:
penglipuran, tri hita karana, kaja-kelodAbstract
Desa Adat Penglipuran, a prominent Bali Aga village, preserves a traditional spatial layout deeply rooted in Balinese spiritual and cosmological values. This study focuses on analyzing the systematic application of the Tri Mandala aspect as a fundamental principle in the formation of the village’s spatial patterns. The primary philosophical foundation is Tri Hita Karana, a principle emphasizing the holistic balance between God, humanity, and nature. Employing both literature review and field analysis, this research maps the alignment between Balinese philosophical architectural concepts and the physical spatial hierarchy in Penglipuran. Key findings indicate that the village exhibits a consistent linear pattern that physically manifests the Tri Mandala zoning principle. This zoning is distinctly stratified: Utama Mandala (the most sacred zone, housing temples) is positioned in the Kaja (North); Madya Mandala (the social and residential zone) is located in the center; and Nista Mandala (the profane zone, including the cemetery) is situated in the Kelod (South).
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