Analysis of the Effect of the Number of Valve Openings on the Performance Value of the Pelton Turbine Prototype
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35814/n7hpbe40Keywords:
Diameter Variation, Number of Nozzles, Pelton Turbine PerformanceAbstract
The Pelton turbine is a type of impulse turbine that utilizes a high-pressure water jet through a nozzle to rotate the turbine buckets. One factor influencing turbine performance is the number of valve openings, as the opening size determines the water flow rate directed to the turbine. This study aims to analyze the effect of the number of valve openings on the performance of a Pelton turbine prototype. The research method employed is an experimental approach by varying the valve openings, resulting in different water flow rates, followed by measurements of torque, water power, turbine power, and efficiency. The tests were conducted under a constant load of 1 kg with 12 buckets. The results show that the maximum torque obtained was 0.2695 Nm. The highest water power of 15.41 W occurred at a flow rate of 30 LPM, while the lowest water power of 10.03 W was recorded at the smallest flow rate. The highest turbine power was 9.45 W, and the maximum efficiency was achieved at a flow rate of 26 LPM with valve openings producing an effective nozzle diameter of 9–11 mm, reaching 90.97–91.38%. The lowest efficiency was observed at a valve opening equivalent to a 9 mm nozzle diameter, at 22.15%. These findings indicate that the number of valve openings has a significant effect on Pelton turbine performance, particularly in terms of efficiency and output power
Downloads
References
[1] N. B. Alnavis, R. R. Wirawan, K. I. Solihah, dan V. H. Nugroho, “Energi listrik berkelanjutan: Potensi dan tantangan penyediaan energi listrik di Indonesia,” J. Innov. Mater. Energy, Sustain. Eng., vol. 1, no. 2, 2024, doi: 10.61511/jimese.v1i2.2024.544.
[2] R. R. Al Hakim, R. Ropiudin, A. Muchsin, dan F. S. Lestari, “Analisis Kenaikan Tagihan Listrik Selama Pendemi Covid-19 Berdasarkan Perilaku Konsumtif Energi Listrik di Indonesia,” J. Cafe., vol. 2, no. 1, hal. 25–35, 2021, doi: 10.51742/akuntansi.v2i1.279.
[3] Y. P. K. Suni dan D. Legono, “MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA AIR TERPADU DALAM SKALA GLOBAL, NASIONAL DAN REGIONAL,” J. Tek. Sipil, vol. 10, no. 1, hal. 77–88, 2021, [Daring]. Tersedia pada: https://www.sipil.ejournal.web.id/index.php/jts/article/view/396
[4] L. N. Rahayu dan J. Windarta, “Tinjauan Potensi dan Kebijakan Pengembangan PLTA dan PLTMH di Indonesia,” J. Energi Baru dan Terbarukan; Vol 3, No 2 Juli 2022, 2022, doi: 10.14710/jebt.2022.13327.
[5] P. S. J. Mantow, J. D. Ticoh, dan D. Olii, “ANALISIS PENGARUH VARIABILITAS CURAH HUJAN TERHADAP FLUKTUASI PRODUKSI LISTRIK DI PLTA TONSEA LAMA,” Knowl. J. Inov. Has. Penelit. dan Pengemb., vol. 5, no. 2, hal. 210–217, 2025, doi: 10.51878/knowledge.v5i2.5176.
[6] P. A. Pratama, M. Malyadi, dan Y. A. Wicaksono, “Studi Eksperimental Variasi Bentuk Sudu Dan Sudut Terhadap Kinerja Turbin Pelton,” AutoMech J. Tek. Mesin, vol. 1, no. 01, hal. 31–38, 2021, doi: 10.24269/jtm.v1i01.4254.
[7] I. D. Muhandis, Basuki, R. E. Pramitasari, dan M. M. Rosadi, “ANALISIS PENGARUH JUMLAH SUDU TURBIN PELTON TERHADAP DAYA GENERATOR PADA PROTOTYPE PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA MIKROHIDRO Ilhamu Dzinurain Muhandis Retno Eka Pramitasari,” J. Ilm. Nusant. ( JINU), vol. 1, no. 5, hal. 136–141, 2024, doi: 10.61722/jinu.v1i5.2473.
[8] K. Kamali, P. Gaetani, G. Persico, dan A. Romei, “CFD-based shape optimization of flashing converging-diverging nozzles in pelton turbines for domestic carbon dioxide heat pumps including off-design conditions,” Appl. Therm. Eng., vol. 257, hal. 124321, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2024.124321.
[9] Y. Xiao et al., “The interaction between bucket number and performance of a Pelton turbine,” Energy, vol. 287, hal. 129646, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2023.129646.
[10] R. Khan, S. Ullah, F. Qahtani, W. Pao, dan T. Talha, “Experimental and numerical investigation of hydro-abrasive erosion in the Pelton turbine buckets for multiphase flow,” Renew. Energy, vol. 222, hal. 119829, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119829.
[11] B. Semlitsch, “Effect of inflow disturbances in Pelton turbine distributor lines on the water jet quality,” Int. J. Multiph. Flow, vol. 174, hal. 104786, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2024.104786.
[12] K. Kumar, G. Saini, A. Kumar, R. M. Elavarasan, Z. Said, dan V. Terzija, “Effective monitoring of Pelton turbine based hydropower plants using data-driven approach,” Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., vol. 149, hal. 109047, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijepes.2023.109047.
[13] A. L. Alerci, E. Vagnoni, dan M. Paolone, “Structural impact of the start-up sequence on Pelton turbines lifetime: Analytical prediction and polynomial optimization,” Renew. Energy, vol. 218, hal. 119341, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2023.119341.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Teknobiz : Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
